Hypothalamic Hypocretinergic/Orexinergic Neurons Projecting to the Oral Pontine Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Inducing Site in the Cat
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
• Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was first identified by its most obvious feature: rapid eye movements occurring during sleep. In most adult mammals the electroencephalogram (EEG) of the neocortex is low in voltage during REM sleep. The hippocampus exhibits regular high-voltage theta waves throughout REM sleep. • The key brain structure for generating REM sleep is the brainstem, particularly th...
متن کاملVasoactive intestinal polypeptide excites medial pontine reticular formation neurons in the brainstem rapid eye movement sleep-induction zone.
Although it has long been known that microinjection of the cholinergic agonist carbachol into the medial pontine reticular formation (mPRF) induces a state that resembles rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, it is likely that other transmitters contribute to mPRF regulation of behavioral states. A key candidate is the peptide vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), which innervates the mPRF and ind...
متن کاملRAPID EYE MOVEMENT SLEEP DEPRIVATION INDUCES ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE A CTIVITY IN THE PREOPTIC AREA OF THE RAT BRAIN
Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) is a large glycoprotein that, aside from its known cholinolytic activity, co-exists with other transmitter systems and possesses other functions. In the present study, the effects of short-term rapid-eye-movement sleep deprivation (REM-SD) on AchE activity in the anterior hypothalamic area have been investigated. Using the flower-pot method, adult male albino ra...
متن کاملCholinomimetics, but not morphine, increase antinociceptive behavior from pontine reticular regions regulating rapid-eye-movement sleep.
Sleep disruption is a significant problem associated with the subjective experience of pain. Both rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep and nociception are modulated by cholinergic neurotransmission, and this study tested the hypothesis that antinociceptive behavior can be evoked cholinergically from medial pontine reticular formation (mPRF) regions known to regulate REM sleep. The foregoing hypothesi...
متن کاملPontine nitric oxide modulates acetylcholine release, rapid eye movement sleep generation, and respiratory rate.
Pontine cholinergic neurotransmission is known to play a key role in the regulation of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and to contribute to state-dependent respiratory depression. Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to alter the release of acetylcholine (ACh) in a number of brain regions, and previous studies indicate that NO may participate in the modulation of sleep/wake states. The present inves...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Anatomical Record
سال: 2013
ISSN: 1932-8486
DOI: 10.1002/ar.22690